Presenters and Affiliations
Prashant Agrawal — Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy, Bochum, Germany
Overview / Abstract
Cryptographers prove security through games and reductions to hardness assumptions, while symbolic-verification researchers model cryptography through equations and automated deduction. These communities offer different guarantees, and tools that mechanise game-based proofs introduce their own trade-offs in automation and generality. This half-day tutorial teaches these approaches and how they connect: a hand-built game-based proof, automated symbolic protocol analysis with ProVerif, mechanised game-based proofs, and recent work repurposing symbolic attack-finders to synthesise computationally valid reductions.
Target Audience
- Graduate students, advanced undergraduates, and early-career researchers in security, cryptography, or formal methods seeking an entry into computer-aided cryptography.
- Cryptographers curious about symbolic tools and formal-methods researchers curious about cryptographic proofs.
- Practitioners designing or reviewing authentication, payment, or messaging protocols who want machine-checked assurance beyond manual review.
Prerequisites
Participants should know introductory security-course cryptography: symmetric and public-key encryption, digital signatures, and hash functions. No background in formal methods or logic, and no prior experience with the tools, is assumed. No advance reading is required.
Learning Outcomes
- Read and write a game-based security definition and explain a reduction.
- Model a simple protocol in ProVerif, state secrecy and authentication queries, and interpret attack derivations.
- Place ProVerif, Tamarin, CryptoVerif, EasyCrypt, and Squirrel on the automation-versus-generality spectrum and choose a tool for a problem.
- Explain what a symbolic guarantee does and does not mean computationally.
- Describe the research frontier in automated synthesis of cryptographic proofs and identify entry points in the literature.
Tutorial Structure / Technical Details
Half-day tutorial organized as two 90-minute sessions. Each session mixes lecture segments with live tool demonstrations, using related examples across the segments. Participants may follow along on a laptop; setup instructions will be circulated before the tutorial. A laptop is optional, and the material also works as a demonstration.
Session 1: Games, Reductions and Symbolic Analysis (90 minutes)
| Part | Duration | Content |
|---|---|---|
| Game-based security proofs | 30 minutes | Introduce IND-CPA and hardness assumptions; prove a simple cryptographic scheme by hand as a reduction; discuss the difficulty and error-proneness of long sequences of game hops. |
| Symbolic protocol analysis | 60 minutes | Introduce the Dolev–Yao attacker and ProVerif. Model a small authentication protocol, state secrecy and authentication queries, find and interpret a man-in-the-middle attack, repair the protocol, and verify the fix. Models are under 40 lines. |
Session 2: Mechanised Proofs and Reduction Synthesis (90 minutes)
| Part | Duration | Content |
|---|---|---|
| Mechanising game-based proofs | 35 minutes | Survey EasyCrypt, Squirrel, and CryptoVerif; compare their automation and generality. Demonstrate mechanising a game-hopping proof. |
| Synthesising cryptographic reductions with symbolic tools | 40 minutes | Show how ProVerif and Tamarin can search for reductions. Demonstrate ProVerif synthesising a computationally valid reduction for a simple encryption scheme; discuss the approach’s restrictions to a specific class of games and reductions. |
| Wrap-up | 15 minutes | Starting points in tools, tutorials, communities, beginner-friendly problems, and open discussion. |
Tools and scope
- Symbolic protocol tools discussed: ProVerif and Tamarin.
- Mechanised game-based proof tools discussed: EasyCrypt, Squirrel, and CryptoVerif.
- The tutorial distinguishes what symbolic guarantees mean from computational security guarantees.
Materials / Demonstration
Slides and all example models will be published in a public repository before the conference and remain available afterwards. Participants with laptops can follow the demonstrations; setup instructions will be circulated before the tutorial.
Biography
Not provided in the source proposal.
References
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- B. Blanchet, B. Smyth, C. Cheval, and M. Sylvestre. ProVerif 2.05: Automatic cryptographic protocol verifier, user manual and tutorial, 2023. https://bblanche.gitlabpages.inria.fr/proverif/manual.pdf
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- V. Shoup. “Sequences of games: A tool for taming complexity in security proofs.” Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2004/332, 2004. https://eprint.iacr.org/2004/332
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