Symbolic Verification Meets Provable Security: From Automated Attacks to Automated Proofs

Presenters and Affiliations

Prashant Agrawal — Max Planck Institute for Security and Privacy, Bochum, Germany

Overview / Abstract

Cryptographers prove security through games and reductions to hardness assumptions, while symbolic-verification researchers model cryptography through equations and automated deduction. These communities offer different guarantees, and tools that mechanise game-based proofs introduce their own trade-offs in automation and generality. This half-day tutorial teaches these approaches and how they connect: a hand-built game-based proof, automated symbolic protocol analysis with ProVerif, mechanised game-based proofs, and recent work repurposing symbolic attack-finders to synthesise computationally valid reductions.

Target Audience

  • Graduate students, advanced undergraduates, and early-career researchers in security, cryptography, or formal methods seeking an entry into computer-aided cryptography.
  • Cryptographers curious about symbolic tools and formal-methods researchers curious about cryptographic proofs.
  • Practitioners designing or reviewing authentication, payment, or messaging protocols who want machine-checked assurance beyond manual review.

Prerequisites

Participants should know introductory security-course cryptography: symmetric and public-key encryption, digital signatures, and hash functions. No background in formal methods or logic, and no prior experience with the tools, is assumed. No advance reading is required.

Learning Outcomes

  • Read and write a game-based security definition and explain a reduction.
  • Model a simple protocol in ProVerif, state secrecy and authentication queries, and interpret attack derivations.
  • Place ProVerif, Tamarin, CryptoVerif, EasyCrypt, and Squirrel on the automation-versus-generality spectrum and choose a tool for a problem.
  • Explain what a symbolic guarantee does and does not mean computationally.
  • Describe the research frontier in automated synthesis of cryptographic proofs and identify entry points in the literature.

Tutorial Structure / Technical Details

Half-day tutorial organized as two 90-minute sessions. Each session mixes lecture segments with live tool demonstrations, using related examples across the segments. Participants may follow along on a laptop; setup instructions will be circulated before the tutorial. A laptop is optional, and the material also works as a demonstration.

Session 1: Games, Reductions and Symbolic Analysis (90 minutes)

Part Duration Content
Game-based security proofs 30 minutes Introduce IND-CPA and hardness assumptions; prove a simple cryptographic scheme by hand as a reduction; discuss the difficulty and error-proneness of long sequences of game hops.
Symbolic protocol analysis 60 minutes Introduce the Dolev–Yao attacker and ProVerif. Model a small authentication protocol, state secrecy and authentication queries, find and interpret a man-in-the-middle attack, repair the protocol, and verify the fix. Models are under 40 lines.

Session 2: Mechanised Proofs and Reduction Synthesis (90 minutes)

Part Duration Content
Mechanising game-based proofs 35 minutes Survey EasyCrypt, Squirrel, and CryptoVerif; compare their automation and generality. Demonstrate mechanising a game-hopping proof.
Synthesising cryptographic reductions with symbolic tools 40 minutes Show how ProVerif and Tamarin can search for reductions. Demonstrate ProVerif synthesising a computationally valid reduction for a simple encryption scheme; discuss the approach’s restrictions to a specific class of games and reductions.
Wrap-up 15 minutes Starting points in tools, tutorials, communities, beginner-friendly problems, and open discussion.

Tools and scope

  • Symbolic protocol tools discussed: ProVerif and Tamarin.
  • Mechanised game-based proof tools discussed: EasyCrypt, Squirrel, and CryptoVerif.
  • The tutorial distinguishes what symbolic guarantees mean from computational security guarantees.

Materials / Demonstration

Slides and all example models will be published in a public repository before the conference and remain available afterwards. Participants with laptops can follow the demonstrations; setup instructions will be circulated before the tutorial.

Biography

Not provided in the source proposal.

References

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